Antenna connectors for computer devices utilizing radio and modem cards

ABSTRACT

A radio card sized for insertion into an electronic device. The radio card includes a housing; a radio circuit disposed within the housing; an internal antenna coupled to the radio circuit; at least one external antenna contact, disposed on the housing, coupled to the radio circuit; an electrical interface, disposed on the housing at a location physically separate from that of the at least one external antenna contact; and the at least one external antenna contact and the electrical interface automatically engaging the electronic device upon insertion of the radio card into the electronic device. Alternatively, the radio card sized for insertion into an electronic device includes a housing; a radio circuit disposed within the housing; at least one antenna contact, disposed on the housing, that is communicatively coupled to the radio circuit; an electrical interface, disposed on the housing at a location physically separate from that of the at least one antenna contact; and the at least one antenna contact and the electrical interface automatically engaging the electronic device upon insertion of the radio card into the electronic device.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS (CLAIMING BENEFIT UNDER 35 U.S.C. 120)

This application is a continuation of U.S. Ser. No. 08/258,285, filed Jun. 10, 1994 U.S. Pat. No. 5,708,833, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 08/226,256 filed Apr. 11, 1994, now abandoned by Pat Kinney et al. which is in turn a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 08/194,178 filed Feb. 9, 1994, now abandoned by Pat Kinney et al. which is in turn a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 08/154,020 filed Nov. 17, 1993, now abandoned, by P. Kinney et al. which is in turn a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 08/107,470 filed Aug. 17, 1993, now abandoned, by P. Kinney and R. Mahany which is in turn a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 08/081,411 filed Jun. 22, 1993, now abandoned, by P. Kinney which is in turn a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 08/053,901 filed Apr. 27, 1993, now abandoned, by P. Kinney et al.; and U.S. application Ser. No. 08/097,462 filed Jul. 26, 1993, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,590,346 by G. West and R. Mahany.

AUTHORIZATION PURSUANT TO 37 CFR 1.71 (d)(e)

A portion of the disclosure of this patent document contains material that is subject to copyright protection. The copyright owner has no objection to the facsimile reproduction by anyone of the patent document or the patent disclosure, as it appears in the Patent and Trademark Office patent file or records, but otherwise reserves all copyright rights whatsoever.

RELATED CASES

The present case is related to U.S. application Ser. No. 08/258,285, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,708,833, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates generally to computer devices utilizing removable radio frequency communication devices used for transmitting and receiving information and more particularly to an improved apparatus for connecting an appropriate antenna to the radio frequency communication device using an antenna cap, and to an improved method and apparatus for connecting a communication card device such as a radio or modem to an appropriate antenna or telephone line.

BACKGROUND ART

Many computer devices use modular components to allow increased flexibility and adaptability to various work environments. This is especially true in the area of small computing devices such as hand held computer terminals, vehicle mounted computer terminals and small lap-top computers. Along these lines, small, removable and interchangeable memory cards were developed. The memory cards have now become commonplace and the PCMCIA memory card standard has become accepted industry wide as the format to use.

The PCMCIA memory cards are relatively small having a length and width roughly the size of a credit card. The thickness of these cards is more than that of a credit card and there are several thicknesses used for different cards. These cards are designed to slide into a receiving portion of some computer device. At one end of the card is an interface section which is in essence the female portion of a connector that mates with the male end in the receiving device. All of this, including the number of pins, the layout of the pins, and the pin size for the connection, are all part of the PCMCIA standard

The success of the removable and interchangeable PCMCIA memory cards has led to the development of other types of peripheral devices that use the same standard. Of particular interest to the present application are the cards that contain radio transceivers and modems. These devices can be inserted into and connected to a receiving device in the same manner as a memory card. However, with these devices there is an additional connection which must be made to connect a radio antenna, a telephone line, a cellular phone, or an antenna for the cellular phone.

Radio frequency communication allows two or more computer terminals to communicate without actually being wired together. Many types of radio communication exist and many different radio frequencies and frequency ranges can and must be used to accommodate the different types of radio communication. For example, a radio that operates by sending the information on a single channel in the UHF band differs greatly from a radio that sends its information utilizing spread spectrum frequency hopping in the 2400-2483 MHz range. The antennas necessary to operate in the different frequency ranges also differ. Similarly, modem communication, whether connected by traditional phone lines or by cellular phones, allow computer devices that are not hardwired together to exchange information.

Connection of the radio card or modem card to an outside antenna or telephone line is typically made by either extending the length of the card beyond the standard card length with the antenna or connection built into the extended portion or by having an antenna or telephone cable protrude out of the end of the radio card to which the user may attach an antenna or telephone line. These options have significant limitation. Both connections severely limit the type of device that can accommodate the cards. Most devices cannot accommodate the extra length without some modification and both connections make environmentally sealing the connections difficult. Additionally, both connections are susceptible to increased damage from dropping or other physical trauma. An external antenna to which the user must couple an antenna is inconvenient and subjects the radio periods of unreliability due to wear of the cable and connection.

An additional problem is converting computer devices that were not designed to utilize radio or modem cards, and thus have no built in or attached antenna, into devices that can utilize radio and modem cards while still avoiding the various antenna connection problems discussed above.

Thus, there is a need in a computer terminal for an improved apparatus for connecting a removable card type radio or modem to an antenna or telephone line attached to or built within the computer terminal. Additionally, there is a need for an improved computer device apparatus for connecting a removable card type radio to a protected, interchangeable, environmentally sealed antenna.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is useful as a radio card sized for insertion into an electronic device. In such an environment, according to a first embodiment of the invention, the radio card includes a housing and a radio circuit disposed within the housing. An internal antenna is coupled to the radio circuit, and at least one external antenna contact, disposed on the housing, is coupled to the radio circuit, An electrical interface is disposed on the housing at a location physically separate from that of the at least one external antenna contact. The at least one external antenna contact and the electrical interface automatically engage the electronic device upon insertion of the radio card into the electronic device.

According to a second embodiment of the invention, the radio card includes a housing and a radio circuit disposed within the housing. At least one antenna contact, disposed on the housing, is communicatively coupled to the radio circuit. An electrical interface is disposed on the housing at a location physically separate from that of the at least one antenna contact. The at least one antenna contact and the electrical interface engage the electronic device upon assembly of the radio card in the electronic device. The radio card may further include an internal antenna communicatively coupled to the radio circuit.

The invention also is useful in apparatus for radio frequency communication. In such an environment, according to a third embodiment of the invention, the apparatus includes a communication card including a radio circuit disposed within the communication card and a communication card antenna interface electrically coupled to the radio circuit. The apparatus also may include a computing device including a housing and an opening in the housing for receiving the communication card within the housing. A plurality of antennas are connected to the computing device, and the communication card antenna interface is configured to selectively couple to at least one of the antennas when the communication card is received within the opening of the housing. A cap is disposed on the computing device housing to matingly engage the opening in the housing. A cap antenna interface is disposed on the cap that is electrically coupled to at least one of the plurality of antennas disposed on the computing device, the cap antenna interface coupling with the communication card antenna interface.

According to a fourth embodiment of the invention, the apparatus includes a communication card including a radio circuit disposed within the communication card. The apparatus also may include a computing device including a housing and an opening in the housing for receiving the communication card within the housing and including a selection matrix coupled to a plurality of antennas disposed on the computing device. The selection matrix is operable to selectively couple one of the plurality of antennas to the radio circuit. A communication card antenna interface is electrically coupled to the radio circuit and is configured to selectively couple to at least one of the plurality of antennas when the communication card is received within the opening of the housing. A controller may be coupled to the selection matrix that controls antenna selection of the selection matrix, that enables identification of the antennas and that selects at least one of the antennas for electrical coupling to the radio circuit based on the antenna identification.

According to a fifth embodiment of the invention, the apparatus includes a communication card including a radio circuit disposed within the communication card, a first antenna and a communication card antenna interface electrically coupled to the radio circuit. A plurality of antennas are disposed on a computing device. The computing device includes a housing and an opening in the housing for receiving the communication card within the housing and includes a selection device coupled to the plurality of antennas. The selection device selectively interconnects either the communication card first antenna or one of the plurality of antennas disposed on the computing device to the radio circuit through the communication card antenna interface when the communication card is received within the opening of the housing.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a radio card and a corresponding port for receiving the radio card built in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial top plan view of a radio card and port for receiving the radio card with the radio card completely inserted in the port;

FIG. 3 is a partial side elevational view taken along line 3—3 showing the male/female pin connection of the radio card and the port of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a front view taken along line 4—4 showing the female pin connections of the radio card of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of computer terminal showing the slot for receiving the radio card;

FIG. 6 is front view taken along line 6—6 showing how a radio card to be inserted into the slot of the computer terminal of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of another radio card and a corresponding port for receiving the radio card built in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a front view of another computer terminal and end cap capable of receiving a radio card;

FIG. 9 is a top view taken along line 9—9 of the computer terminal of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a bottom view taken along line 10—10 of the computer terminal of FIG. 8 with the end cap removed;

FIG. 11 is a side elevation view taken along line 11—11 of the computer terminal of FIG. 8 with the slot for the radio card shown in dashed lines;

FIG. 12 is a partial top view taken along line 12—12 of the computer terminal of FIG. 11 showing the slot for receiving the radio card and the antennas;

FIG. 13 is a partial top view of yet another embodiment of a computer terminal built in accordance with the present invention showing the use of a switching matrix;

FIG. 14 is a back view of a computer device and radio card built in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a side elevational view taken along line 15—15 of FIG. 14 of the computer device and radio card;

FIG. 16 is a partial top view taken along line 16—16 of FIG. 14 of the computer device;

FIG. 17 is a partial side elevational view of another computer device built in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a top view taken along line 18—18 of FIG. 17 of the computer device showing the rubber cap inserted therein;

FIG. 19 is a partial vertical sectional view taken along line 19—19 of FIG. 18 showing a radio antenna embedded within the rubber cap;

FIG. 20 is a partial vertical section view taken along line 20—20 of FIG. 19 of the rubber cap;

FIG. 21 is a partial vertical sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a partial vertical sectional view of still another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 23 is a partial back view taken along line 23—23 of FIG. 15 of the computer device;

FIG. 24 is a partial back view of still another embodiment built in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 25 is a partial horizontal sectional view taken along line 25—25 of FIG. 24 of the band showing the shielded ribbon used to carry the antenna signals;

FIG. 26 is partial back view of a computer device of yet another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 27 is a circuit diagram of a switching matrix for microprocessor control of antenna selection; and

FIG. 28 is a circuit diagram showing an antenna diversity scheme which can be incorporated into the switching matrix circuit of FIG. 27.

BEST MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Referring now to the drawings wherein like reference numerals designate identical or corresponding parts throughout the several views, FIG. 1 shows a radio card (10) and a receiving device (11) built in accordance with the present invention. The radio card (10) has a housing (13) inside which is a completely operation radio transceiver (not shown). The receiving device (11) in this embodiment of the present invention uses a pair of opposed slots (14) to receive and guide the incoming radio card (10).

The radio card (10) has a pair of antenna contacts (15) positioned along the edge of the housing (13). The receiving device (11) has a corresponding pair of antenna contacts (16). As can be seen in FIG. 2, when the radio card (10) is fully inserted into the receiving device (11) the antenna contacts (15) on the radio card housing (13) electrically encounter the corresponding set of antenna contacts (16) positioned on the receiving device (11). The antenna contacts (16) on the receiving device (11) are connected to an antenna cable (18). The antenna cable (18) is in turn connected to an antenna (not shown). Thus, when the radio card (10) is fully inserted into the receiving device (11) the radio card (10) automatically is connected to an antenna.

Referring again to FIG. 1, a radio card (10) may have antenna contacts (20), shown in dashed lines, located at different positions on the housing (13). Similarly, the receiving device (11) may have several additional pairs of antenna contacts (22). The additional pairs of antenna contacts (22) on the receiving device (13) can be used to allow access to several different antennas depending on the type and frequency of radio communication to be utilized by the radio card (10). This access is accomplished through additional antenna cables (23) attached to the additional contacts (22). Thus, if the receiving device (13) is part of a hand held computer terminal which has more than one antenna attached or built in, different pairs of contacts (16 & 22) can be used to allow access by the radio card to the different antennas depending upon the frequency and range characteristics of each antenna While a radio card (10) may only operate at one frequency and thereby only need one antenna and therefore only have one pair of antenna contacts, the receiving device (11) still may have several pairs of antenna contacts (16 & 22) all but one of which do not correspond to any pair of radio card (10) antenna contacts (15).

Referring to FIG. 2A, a radio card (10) is shown in accordance with the present invention. The radio card (10) has a housing (13) and contains a radio transceiver (10A). The radio transceiver (10A) is electrically connected to an antenna contact block (17), which may for example be a pair of antenna contacts (15, FIG. 2). The radio card (10) may optionally have additional antenna contacts (see 20, FIG. 1) electrically connected to the radio transceiver (10A). The radio transceiver (10A) is not shown in FIG. 2A to scale, nor are the relative positions of the radio transceiver (10A) or the antenna contact block (17) on the radio card (10) drawn for accuracy: FIG. 2A is a block diagram intended only to show functional blocks of the radio card (10).

The radio card (10) of FIGS. 1-4 might also be a modem card (not shown). In this embodiment, the connections would be the same as previously described with the only difference being that instead of the contacts connecting the modem card to a radio antenna, the modem card would be connected to a traditional telephone line, a cellular phone or an antenna for a cellular phone if the cellular phone was contained within the modem card. Any necessary coupling transformer may be built within the computer terminal.

Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6, a computer terminal (40) is shown built in accordance with the present invention. The computer terminal (40) has a slot (42) for receiving a radio card (44). The user of the computer terminal (40) lift up a flexible cover (46) and inserts the radio card (44) into the slot (42). The radio card (44) engages with the computer terminal (40) in a similar manner as described in FIGS. 1-4. The radio card (44) as a pair of antenna contacts (48) which engage with a corresponding pair of contacts inside the computer terminal (40). The pair of antenna contacts inside the computer terminal are connected to a radio antenna (not shown).

Referring to FIG. 7, another embodiment of the present invention is shown. The radio card (50) has two pairs of antenna contacts (52 & 53) which will encounter respectively two pair of antenna contacts (55 & not shown) on the receiving device (58). This embodiment accommodates a radio card (50) which can operate at two different frequencies which require two different antennas. Standardization of antenna contact position with antenna type is anticipated and covered by the present invention.

Referring to FIGS. 8-12, another embodiment of a computer terminal (60) built in accordance with the present invention is shown. The computer terminal (60) has a removable end cap (62). When the end cap (62) is removed, a slot (60) is revealed which is used to receive a radio card (66). The slot (64) in the computer terminal (60) has three pairs of antenna contacts (67, 68 and 69) which are respectively connected to three different radio antennas (71, 72 and 73). The radio card (66) in this embodiment only has one pair of antenna contacts (75). Thus, when the radio card (66) is inserted into the slot (64), the antenna contacts (75) will match up to the antenna contacts (67) and the radio will utilize the internal antenna (71). The external antenna (73) and the other internal antenna (72) will not be used by this particular radio card (66).

Referring now to FIG. 13, still another embodiment of a computer terminal (80) built in accordance with the present invention is shown. A communication card (85) is inserted into the computer terminal (80). The card (85) can either be a radio card or a modem card. The card (85) has a set or pair of contacts (87) which encounter a set or pair of contacts (88) disposed on the receiving portion of the computer terminal (80). The contacts (88) are electrically connected to a switching matrix (90), thus the radio card or modem card (85) is electrically connected to the switching matrix (90).

The switching matrix (90) is connected to a plurality of antennas (92, 93 and 94) and to a telephone jack (95). The switching matrix (90) is used to electrically and selectively connect the radio or modem card (85) to the appropriate antenna or to a telephone line. The switching matrix (90) is controlled by the control microprocessor (98) of the computer terminal (80). The control microprocessor interrogates the card (85) to determine what kind of card it is and to determine what antenna or telephone connection it needs. The control microprocessor then signals the switching matrix (90) which connects the card (85) to the appropriate antenna (92, 93 or 94) or to the phone jack (95).

It should be noted that the design of a switching matrix which is to accommodate both RF and telephone connections must take into account the different voltage requirements for each type of communication. For example, the Sony CXG1002 switch discussed below cannot handle the range of voltages necessary for compliance with telephone standards.

Referring to FIG. 27, a circuit diagram (280) for antenna switching matrix is shown. The circuit (280) allows a radio card to be connected to one of two or more internal or connected antennas of a portable computer device. The circuit shown allows antennas (288 and 289) for one of two frequency bands to be selected. The design can be extended to allow additional bands to be added by appropriate selection of a switching device.

The illustrated circuit is based upon a Sony CXG1002 GaAs JFET switch (282). Switching is initiated by the control microprocessor (284) within the computer device. This microprocessor (284) may be a dedicated communications or control microprocessor, or it may be the main processor that runs local applications.

Upon initial power up of the computer device, the control microprocessor (284) interrogates the radio card via the bus interface (286) to ascertain its type and frequency band of operation PCMCIA standards include provisions for device identification. Based upon the result of the interrogation, the microprocessor (284) selects the appropriate logic levels from a logic level table (290) for application to the Control A line (292) and Control B line (294) to the CXG1002 switch (282) in order to select the proper antenna for the radio card. For example, if the computer device is designed to accommodate 900 MHz paging receivers and 2.4 GHz wireless local area network transceivers, antenna A (288) would be a 900 MHz antenna and antenna B (289) would be a 2.4 GHz antenna.

An optional diversity sense circuit is also shown. This circuit allows the radio card to provide a diversity select signal through the RF connector. The coil (298) is an RF choke, allowing low frequency signals to pass, but blocking RF signals.

Referring now to FIG. 28, a second circuit (300) illustrating how the diversity select circuit is implemented is shown. The B antenna output (301) from the band selector is applied to a second CXG1002 switch (320). Two antennas (305 and 306) appropriate for 2.4 GHz are designed into the computer device. These antennas (305 and 306) provide either spatial or polarization diversity, or a combination of the two.

Selection of the antenna used is controlled by the radio card. The diversity sense line (308) is used to control the CXG1002 switch (302). The invertor (310) provides buffering and allow a single signal output from the radio card to be used for antenna selection. Alternatively, the diversity sense could be provided to the control microprocessor which could then in turn control the selection of antennas.

Selection diversity could be employed in both the A and B antenna paths if desired with the addition of a CXG1002 switch in the A path. This switch could be controlled by the same circuitry as the B switch, eliminating the need for separate control circuitry for the A path.

Referring again to FIG. 13, in another embodiment, the control microprocessor (92) is located within the radio card (85). In this configuration, the control microprocessor (92) selects the appropriate antenna by controlling the switching matrix (90) via the antenna interface (88). Thus, the control microprocessor (92) either has preset knowledge of the switching matrix and antenna availability, or may interrogate the microprocessor within the receiving unit for such detail.

In addition, in alternate embodiments, the radio card itself contains an antenna (not shown). In most configurations of this embodiment, if no alternate antenna is found within the receiving device, the radio card uses its own antenna in such configurations, the radio card uses its own antenna as a backup, preferring to use of the receiving device's antennas if available. In other configurations, the radio card may choose the most effective antenna, which may either be its own or the receiving device's antenna Such a choice may either be predetermined or made based on actual use, i.e., based on received signal strength indications (RSSI) or other signal or communication quality assessments. For example, referring to FIG. 12, a local antenna is housed within the radio card (64). Thus, if the radio card (64) cannot detect receiving device antennas, the radio card (64) chooses its own locally contained antenna Referring to FIG. 13, in another exemplary configuration, the radio card (85) also contains its own internal antenna. The control microprocessor (92) not only chooses from among antennas stored within the receiving device, but also considers the antenna stored in the radio card (85). Note that, in addition to any antennas placed in the receiving device, the radio card might also be configured with a plurality of antennas.

Referring now to FIGS. 14, 15 and 16, a computer device (111) for utilizing a radio card (110) built in accordance with the present invention is shown. The computer device (111) has a housing (112). Inside the radio card (110) is a completely operation radio transceiver (not shown). The computer device (111) has an opening (114) in the housing (112) through which the radio card (110) can be inserted into the computer device (112). In the present embodiment of the invention, the receiving means for the computer device is a slot (115).

When the radio card (110) is inserted into the slot (115) in the computer device (111) an interface between the radio card (110) and the computer device (111) is produced. The computer device (111) has a plurality of pins (not shown) which form the plug or male portion of a connector. The radio card (110) has a corresponding plurality of sockets or holes (not shown) which form the receptacle or female portion of the connector and which engage the pins. The pins are connected internally and electrically to the computer device (111) by a series of electrical connections such as wires, printed circuit traces or electrical ribbon. The holes in the radio card (110) are electrically connected to the radio transceiver. When the pins engage the holes, electrical signals can be exchanged between the radio transceiver inside the radio card (110) and the computer device (111). The electrical signals can be in the form of information exchange, power supply or both. The radio card (110) includes antenna contacts (117) to engage corresponding radio antenna contacts that are connected to an appropriate antenna.

The computer device (111) includes a cap (120) which is designed to matingly engage the opening (115) in the housing (112) of the computer device (111) and thereby cover the slot (115) used to receive the radio card (110). A flexible band (122) attaches the cap (122) to the housing (112) of the computer device (111). One end of the band (122) is connected to the cap (122) while the other end is attached to the housing (112). A handle (124) helps assist the removal of the cap (120) from the housing (112) of the computer device (111).

The cap (120) is constructed of a closed cell foam material with high air content for low dielectric losses. Alternatively, a quality dielectric material may be used to reduce the size of the antenna structure. The cap (120) when made of a foam material helps to protect the radio card from the physical trauma typically associated with computer devices of these types. Additionally, as will be discussed in further detail below, the cap (120) helps to environmentally seal the opening (114) preventing harmful material from the outside such as dust or moisture from reaching the radio card (110) and helps to reduce the escape of electronic noise from the housing (112) created by the radio card (110) and computer device (111). As will be discussed below, a grounded metal shield covering a portion of the cap (120) is used to reduce the escape of electronic noise.

While the cap (120) helps to seal the opening, protect the radio card (110) and hold the radio card in place, the primary function of the cap is to provide the radio card (110) access to an appropriate antenna or antennas. The connection of the radio card (110) to the antenna is made through the cap (120). The antenna or antennas can be embedded in the cap (120), embedded in the band (122) or even attached to, mounted on, or embedded in the housing (112) of the computer device (111).

Referring now to FIGS. 17 and 18, a computer device (130) built in accordance with the present invention is shown with a cap (134) engaged in the opening of the housing (132) wherein a radio card can be inserted. A band (136) is attached to both the cap (134) and the housing (132). The band (136) helps prevent the loss of the cap (134) when the cap (134) is not engaged in the housing (132) of the computer device (130).

Referring now to FIGS. 19 and 20, the cap (132) is shown engaged with the housing (132) of the computer device (130). The cap (134) includes an outwardly extending lip (136) which helps to environmentally seal the opening in the housing (132) preventing harmful material from the outside such as dust or moisture from reaching the radio card (140) which has been inserted into the computer device (130). When the cap (134) is completely inserted or fully engaged in the housing (132), the lip (135) sealingly engages the housing (132).

Embedded in the cap (134) is an antenna (150). The antenna (150) is connected to the radio card (140) through contacts (151 and 152) disposed on the cap (134) and contacts (141 and 142) disposed on the radio card (140). Contact (152) is the ground contact for the antenna (150) and is connected to the end of the antenna (150). Contact (142) is the ground contact for the radio card (140). Contact (151) is the signal contact and is connected to the antenna (150) a short distance from the end of the antenna (150). Contact (141) is the signal contact for the radio card (140).

Contact (151) and contact (141) are disposed on the cap (134) and the radio card (140), respectively, such that the contacts engage each other when the cap (134) is inserted into or engaged with the housing (132) of the computer device (130). Similarly, contact (152) and contact (142) are disposed on the cap (134) and the radio card (140), respectively, such that the contacts engage each other when the cap (134) is inserted into or engaged with the housing (132) of the computer device (130). The contacts shown in the present embodiment are of the metal button type wherein the connection is made when the two metal surfaces meet. Many variations of the contacts are possible including the use of male/female connections and spring type contacts.

A shield (148) is disposed around the bottom portion of the cap (134) and is used to reduce the escape of electronic noise. Typically in computer devices of this type, the inside of the housing of the computer device is shielded. Additionally, the area immediately surrounding the radio device such as a radio card may also be shielded. By shielding the cap (134), the integrity of the housing and radio shields are not breached by the opening used to insert and remove the radio card. The shield (148) is connected to the antenna ground contact (152) on the cap (134). A hole (159) in the shield (148) allows the signal contacts (151 and 141) to engage without being grounded.

Referring now to FIG. 21, the cap (134) is shown embedded within which are two antennas (160 and 162) designed to receive and transmit different radio frequency signals. The first antenna (160) and the second antenna (162) are both connected to a common ground contact (167) which is connected to the shield and which engages the ground contact (177) on the radio card (170). The first antenna (160) is connected to a first signal contact (165) and is disposed on the cap (134) to engage a first signal contact (175) disposed on the radio card (170). Similarly, the second antenna (162) is connected to a second signal contact (166) and is disposed on the cap (134) to engage a second signal contact (176) disposed on the radio card (170). Thus the radio card (170) will use a signal via contact (175) or via contact (176) depending upon which antenna it would like to use. Which antenna it would like to use is dependent upon the desired frequency upon which it want to transmit and receive.

The radio card (170) as shown has three contacts (175, 176 and 177). However, if the radio transceiver in the radio card (170) is designed such that it would only be able to transmit and receive signals which correspond to the first antenna (160), then it would not need to have contact (176) and it could be left off. Similarly, if the radio card (170) were only going to use second antenna (162) then contact (175) could be omitted. Thus, standardizing contact position with respect to antenna type allows for flexibility in cap usage with various radio cards such that only appropriate antennas will be connected to the radio card.

Referring to FIG. 22, two antennas (180 and 182) are embedded in the cap (134). In this embodiment built in accordance with the present invention, the two antennas (180 and 182) not only share a common ground contact (186) which engages the ground contact (196) of the radio card (190), but they also share a common signal contact (185) which engages the signal contact (195) on the radio card (190). Thus, both antennas receive and transmit signals using the same two contacts. This embodiment requires a radio card (190) which can filter the different signals and thus use the signal from the desired antenna while ignoring the signals which arrive via the other antenna.

Referring to FIG. 23, a computer device (111) built in accordance with the present invention is shown which is designed to implement an antenna diversity scheme. A first antenna (201) is embedded in the cap (120). A second antenna (202) is shown embedded in the band (122). As discussed in the embodiment as shown in FIG. 21, the two antennas (201 and 202) share a common ground contact (207). The first antenna (201) is connected to a signal contact (205). Likewise, the second antenna (202) is connected to a signal contact (206). The hole (149) in the shield (148) which prevent the signal contacts (205 and 206) from grounding is shown in dashed lines.

The first antenna (201) is similar to the second antenna (202) and both are designed to transmit and receive similar radio frequency signals. When the cap (120) is engaged in the opening of the housing (112), the first antenna (201) and the second antenna (202) will be perpendicular with respect to each other. The quality of the signal received by the first antenna (201) and the quality of the signal received by the second antenna (202) may be greatly different since the antennas are place at right angles with respect to each other. In the present embodiment, the radio card can check the quality of each signal and use the antenna which is currently receiving the stronger signal. Additionally, it can switch to the other antenna when the conditions change such that the signal is no longer acceptable. Utilizing two similar antennas in this matter, antenna diversification, can be very important in computer terminals of this type since they are often mobile and are often subjected to a rapidly changing environment. An antenna diversification scheme of this type can be used to help eliminate the reception problems associated with signal multipath.

Referring now to FIG. 24, another embodiment of the present invention is shown with the first antenna (211) and the second antenna (212) attached to the housing (112) of the computer terminal (111). As in the embodiment shown in FIG. 23, the first antenna (211) is similar to the second antenna (212) and both are designed to transmit and receive similar radio frequency signals and are perpendicular with respect to each other such that an antenna diversity scheme can be implemented. The antennas (211 and 212) are connected to the contacts (205, 206 and 207) through the cap (120) and though the band (112).

Referring to FIG. 26, the embodiment of FIG. 24 is shown with the only differences being that the first antenna (221) and the second antenna (222) are positioned slightly differently and the antennas are designed to transmit and receive different radio frequency signals. Thus, the radio card uses the signal on contact (205) when it wants to receive signals via the first antenna (221) and uses the signal on contact (206) when it wants to receive signal via the second antenna (222).

In FIGS. 23, 24 and 26, the portion of the connection between the contacts (205, 206 and 207) and the antennas which pass through the band (112) are shown schematically as wires. In the best mode of the present invention, the transmission of the signal through the band (112) would be accomplished through the use of a micro shield strip (230) as shown in FIG. 25. The micro shield strip consists of several conductive ribbons running the length of the band (112) and separated by the non-conductive material of the band (112). A wide top ribbon (233) and a wide bottom ribbon (234) are used to sandwich two smaller ribbons (236 and 237). The smaller ribbons (236 and 237) are used to transmit the antenna signals and are connected to contacts (205 and 206) respectively. The wide bands (233 and 234) are common to each other and are used to ground each of the antennas and are connected to the ground contact (207) on the cap (120). The wide ground ribbons (233 and 234) shield the smaller antenna signal ribbons (236 and 237) and help to maintain the signal integrity. The impedance of the micro-shield strip is determined by relative spacing and dimensions of the strip as well as the dielectric constant of the material of the band.

Obviously, many modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that, within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described. 

We claim:
 1. A radio card sized for insertion into an electronic device, the radio card comprising: a housing; a radio circuit disposed within the housing; an internal antenna coupled to the radio circuit; at least one external antenna contact, disposed on the housing, coupled to the radio circuit; an electrical interface, disposed on the housing at a location physically separate from that of the at least one external antenna contact; and the at least one external antenna contact and the electrical interface automatically engaging the electronic device upon insertion of the radio card into the electronic device.
 2. The radio card of claim 1 wherein the at least one external antenna contact comprises a plurality of external antenna contacts.
 3. The radio card of claim 1 wherein the radio circuit comprises a receiver and antenna selection circuitry, and the antenna selection circuitry selectively couples the receiver to either the internal antenna or the at least one external antenna contact.
 4. The radio card of claim 3 wherein the antenna selection circuitry uses received signal strength indications to determine the selective coupling.
 5. The radio card of claim 1 wherein the electrical interface comprises a PCMCIA adapter.
 6. The radio card of claim 1 wherein the housing is of substantially rectangular shape comprising a top surface, a bottom surface, a front surface, a back surface and two side surfaces.
 7. The radio card of claim 6 wherein the electrical interface is disposed on the front surface while the at least one external antenna contact is disposed on at least one of the two side surfaces.
 8. A radio card sized for insertion into an electronic device, the radio card comprising: a housing a radio circuit disposed within the housing; at least one antenna contact, disposed on the housing, that is communicatively coupled to the radio circuit; an electrical interface, disposed on the housing at a location physically separate from that of the at least one antenna contact; and the at least one antenna contact and the electrical interface engaging the electronic device upon assembly of the radio card in the electronic device, said radio card further comprising an internal antenna communicatively coupled to the radio circuit.
 9. The radio card of claim 8 wherein the radio circuit comprises antenna selection circuitry to support antenna diversity.
 10. The radio card of claim 8 wherein the electrical interface comprises a PCMCIA adapter.
 11. The radio card of claim 8 wherein the housing comprises a front surface and at least one side surface and wherein the electrical interface is disposed on front surface while the at least one antenna contact is disposed on at least one side surface.
 12. An apparatus for radio frequency communication comprising: a communication card including a radio circuit disposed within the communication card and a communication card antenna interface electrically coupled to the radio circuit; a computing device including a housing and an opening in the housing for receiving the communication card within the housing; a plurality of antennas connected to the computing device, wherein the communication card antenna interface is configured to selectively couple to at least one of the antennas when the communication card is received within the opening of the housing; a cap disposed on the computing device housing to matingly engage the opening in the housing; and a cap antenna interface disposed on the cap that is electrically coupled to at least one of the plurality of antennas disposed on the computing device, the cap antenna interface coupling with the communication card antenna interface.
 13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein at least one of the plurality of antennas is disposed on the cap.
 14. An apparatus for radio frequency communication comprising: a communication card including a radio circuit disposed within the communication card; a computing device including a housing and an opening in the housing for receiving the communication card within the housing and including a selection matrix coupled to a plurality of antennas disposed on the computing device, the selection matrix operable to selectively couple one of the plurality of antennas to the radio circuit; a communication card antenna interface electrically coupled to the radio circuit and configured to selectively couple to at least one of the plurality of antennas when the communication card is received within the opening of the housing; and a controller coupled to the selection matrix that controls antenna selection of the selection matrix, that enables identification of the antennas and that selects at least one of the antennas for electrical coupling to the radio circuit based on the antenna identification.
 15. An apparatus for radio frequency communication comprising: a communication card including a radio circuit disposed within the communication card, a first antenna and a communication card antenna interface electrically coupled to the radio circuit: a plurality of antennas disposed on a computing device, the computing device including a housing and an opening in the housing for receiving the communication card within the housing and including a selection device coupled to the plurality of antennas, the selection device selectively interconnecting either the communication card first antenna or one of the plurality of antennas disposed on the computing device to the radio circuit through the communication card antenna interface when the communication card is received within the opening of the housing. 